Karakhanid
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Notes
- Karakhanid was a variety of Middle Turkic widely spoken with the Karakhanid Khanate from the 11th to 13th Centuries.
- Sources for Karakhanid Material include Mahmud al-Kashgari's Divânü Lügati't-Türk and Yusuf Balasaghuni's Kutadgu Bilig.
- Because Karakhanid is an older form of Turkic, it is difficult to definitively place it into any modern branch of Turkic. It exhibits medial /d/ and preserves both /Ag/ and /Ig/. Although it is commonly referred to as a Turki language, it does not exhibit later changes that characterize Uzbek, Uyghur and other varieties.
References
Al-Kāšğarī, Maḥmoud. 1982. Compendium of the Turkic Dialects (Dīwān Luγāt at-Turk). Edited and translated by Robert Dankoff with James Kelly. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Üşenmez, Emek. 2006. "Karahanlı Türkçesi Sözlügü." Thesis, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi.